Rolfe model of reflection This model is cyclic and has six principal elements: Adapted from Gibbs (1988). The Rolfe reflective model is a reflection framework developed by John Rolfe, Andrew Freshwater, and Susan Jasper in 2001. Basingstoke: Palgrave. Reflective practice was originally conceived as a radical critique of technical rationality, and was based on the premise that knowledge generated by practitioners reflecting on their own experiences is of at least equal value to knowledge derived by ac ademics from empirical research. The reflective cycle is based on three crucial questions, as mentioned in the below diagram: The model was initially developed to provide support to nursing and care education Jan 19, 2025 · Reflection is an essential process in professional development, especially in fields that require continuous learning and improvement, such as nursing, education, and healthcare. The overarching objective of this chapter In this FREE webinar, we will outline a key reflective model: Rolfe et al. Here I discuss four models of reflection (Rolfe et al, Kolb, Gibbs and Brookfield) and share how you can use these when working on reflective assignments at college or university. Alternatively, you may want to create your own. Aug 30, 2021 · Learn how to use the ‘What? So What? Now What?’ model to improve reflective questioning and boost team development with actionable insights and resources. … Self-reflection is a critical key to unlocking your career-smart potential. This article explores the Rolfe Reflective Model of supervision, its theoretical foundation, key components, benefits, and practical implementation. Overall, the evaluation highlights the importance of contextual A reflective practice tool This tool has been developed by the BDA as an aid to support reflection and is based on a framework developed by Rolfe et al. Referencing the model correctly in academic work is crucial for maintaining scholarly integrity and ensuring that credit […] In-depth guide on Rolfe reflective model Order ready-to-submit essays - 100% plagiarism-free guaranteed! Note: Our papers are 100% human-written. If you have trouble understanding, search for academic writing services that the experts provide to help the students with their assignment writing work. Deep reflection allows one For Rolfe, however, because of its simplicity, this model only partially defines the perspective; reflection is not merely a summary process but must be engaged proactively (rolfe 2001 reflective model). In healthcare, this uses experiential activities to produce knowledge that compels the clinician to change their practice. , Freshwater, D. Jun 28, 2023 · Rolfe’s reflective model is based on three simple questions what happened, (self awareness) and how it happened (critical analysis and evaluation), and what will be next plan (action oriented), so what and what next (As shown in Figure 4). Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford] reflexive action research, one novice nurse educator explored current teaching practice. The aims Example of Johns’ Reflective Model In the case of caring for an elderly woman, Johns' MSR model would concentrate on describing the experience, including any significant incidents and how you and others felt. Professor Gary Rolfe and colleagues (2001) describe another useful framework for self-reflection in their book ‘Framework for Reflective Practice’. The library holds copies of the book. Feb 8, 2021 · This essay aims to discuss the principle theories and models of reflection and reflective practice in nursing. Consider using the Rolfe Mar 17, 2025 · Rolfe Reflective Model: A Practical Guide for Practitioners Want to make self-growth? Find the meaning, stages, & examples of the Rolfe reflective model. 's Reflective Model Rolfe et al's (2001) framework focuses on three questions: What? So what? Now what? By responding to each of these questions you are able to outline an experience, relate the experience to wider knowledge and identify implications for your practice. However, experiential knowledge from reflection-on-action now finds itself at the bottom of the hierarchy of Be a better student or professional by using the Rolfe Reflective Model, just apply three simple questions to grow from any experience. . It involves asking ‘what’ happened by describing the facts of the lesson; ‘so what’ by analyzing and drawing insights from the lesson; and ‘now what’ by applying your lessons for effective next steps. There are a number of models which aid the reflective process. Rolfe and others atempted to move beyond today’s static, self-focused and passive approach to reflection by developing the concept of ‘critical reflection’ (Rolfe et al. , (2001). One key difference between the two models is the level of detail in the reflection process. Learn the three stages: What? So What? Now What?, and how it enhances self-reflection in healthcare, education. The Rolfe Model places a strong emphasis on describing the experience in detail and exploring its significance, while Kolb's model focuses more on developing theories and concepts based on the experience. Apr 18, 2023 · Rolfe's Reflective Essay Model is a widely used approach to reflective writing that provides a structured framework for individuals to explore their experiences. So what? Once the Oct 9, 2021 · Implications for nursing practice This analysis identifies the need for future nursing researchers to develop reflective models or strategies that promote reflection among nurses and nursing students before, during, and after the clinical experiences. 2001 Includes bibliographical references and index Apr 1, 2024 · What Is The Rolfe Reflective Model? ROLFE’s reflective model was mainly designed for nursing and hospitality teaching. Jun 3, 2023 · Discover Rolfe's Reflective Model and its application in academic assignments. But what do they really mean? Building on its ground-breaking predecessor, entitled Critical Reflection for Nursing and the Helping Professions, this heavily revised second edition analyses and explores reflection. You can find this edition in The Hive. In this article, we will explore how to cite the Rolfe Reflective Model in various citation styles, including APA, Harvard, and MLA. Description In this element of the cycle, you Jan 1, 2009 · Utilising Rolfe’s [Rolfe, G. I'll cover some examples of how I have used it and offer you some practical advice and a critique of the model Mar 1, 2002 · Reflective practice was originally conceived as a radical critique of technical rationality, and was based on the premise that knowledge generated by practitioners reflecting on their own experiences is of at least equal value to knowledge derived by ac ademics from empirical research. How to Cite the Rolfe Reflective Model in […] Download scientific diagram | The Rolfe Model's Steps for Reflective Writing from publication: Learning via Reflection: Studying the Covid-19 Pandemic Experiences of First-Year Medical Students Jun 28, 2023 · Rolfe ’ s reflective model is based on three simple questions what happe ned, (self awar eness) and how it happened (critical analysis and evaluation), and w hat will be Sep 19, 2025 · Rolfe et al. Nov 1, 2017 · There are a number of theories I like, but Driscoll's "What", "Now What", and "So What" (2007) is probably the easiest of them to digest (this model I once thought was the property of Rolfe et al, but some research led me to discover that the 'creator' is a bit contested between the UK-based Driscoll and the US-based Borton). Mar 16, 2024 · Gary Rolfe along with colleagues gave this model of reflection. The data were collected from a reflective journal and colleague feedback. This reflective model is probably amongst the simplest ones, as it is based on three questions only. Developed by Gary Rolfe and colleagues, the model provides a structured approach to reflective practice. It involves describing, analyzing, and acting on the experience, leading to continuous learning and improvement. Each model has strengths and weaknesses, ranging from structural prompts to the depth of critical thinking and reflection it encourages. Feb 5, 2025 · The original source for Rolfe's reflective cycle is: Rolfe, G. The theories of John Dewey and Donald Schön will be deliberated. Whether you’re writing an essay, research paper, or professional report, proper citation is crucial. It comprises three questions; What? So What We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. 45 of the second edition which University of Worcester students and staff can access as an ebook Nov 1, 2011 · The number of these models available to students within nurse education is phenomenal (Rolfe et al. Lecturers usually set reflective assignments to have students reveal their personal thoughts about a learning experience - what happened, why it happened, and what can be learnt from it. In this chapter, we focus our attention on the most well-known models of reflective practice, and how, through the mentoring process, a mentor helps a mentee to hone their reflective skills. This is a popular framework for nurses. Using reflective analysis, when an event occurs, a description of a situation is Aug 7, 2024 · Reflective Writing: A short guide Models of reflection There are frameworks that you can use to aid your reflective process. It comprises three questions; What? So What? and Now What? This blog will help you understand what it is, its advantages, and the steps. The three stages of the model ask you to consider, in turn, what happened, the implications of the occurrence, and the consequences for future conduct. The results of this initial stage of a larger project have identified the key challenges for health professionals learning about reflective practice. Through this data collection and applying Rolfe’s (1998) understanding–action Jan 17, 2025 · The Rolfe Reflective Model is a widely utilized tool in professional and academic settings, especially in fields like nursing, education, and social sciences. (2001) Rolfe et al. The way in which Gary Rolfe expands Borton’s model is explained, showing how he was seeking to make it more comprehensive and credible. See full list on ltc. From the literature a model for teaching What's the Difference? Both Gibbs Reflective Cycle and The Rolfe Model of Reflection are popular frameworks used in reflective practice. Some examples of models you might want to look at further are: Borton (1970), Gibbs (1998 Apr 24, 2025 · Rolfe’s Reflective Model with this clear guide. One of the simplest frameworks of reflection - by moving through three reflective stages, you will think about an experience, its implications, and what that means for the future. May 2, 2024 · A model of reflection is a structured framework for the reflective process with an emphasis on personal and situational analysis and improvement. Nov 26, 2023 · Engaging with models like Rolfe’s (2001) Framework for Reflective Practice can provide a structured pathway to meaningful self-reflection and continuing professional development, supporting you to get ready for clinical psychology doctorate training. Students can apply them in their daily schedule to yield better results. While Gibbs Reflective Cycle consists of six stages - description, feelings, evaluation, analysis, conclusion, and action plan - The Rolfe Model of Reflection focuses on three key questions: What? So what? Now Advantages of Rolfe's Reflective Model One of the most useful aspects of Rolfe's reflecting model is that it provides a readily available framework. Sep 10, 2024 · Learn about the Rolfe Reflective Model, a framework for critical reflection in various fields. and Jasper, M. What? The first stage is a mere description of what happened and of the experience you would like to analyse and take forward for your own learning. , Jasper, M. Learning through reflection is more meaningful if you go through a structured process. There are numerous models to assist critical reflection for the individual practice developer. The number of these models available to students within nurse education is phenomenal (Rolfe et al. Master reflection using this proven reflective framework. The DEAL model works well for experiential, civic, or service Dec 26, 2020 · Just like Kolb's reflective learning cycle, Donald Schon's theory of reflective practice, GIBBS reflection cycle, Rolfe’s framework is a type of reflective cycle and reflective practice. Let’s walk through the three stages together. These incorporate technical and practical reflection, as well as extending healthcare practitioners through a consideration of the moral, ethical and socio-historical contexts of their practice (Joyce-McCoach and Smith, 2016). Oct 7, 2022 · Five Benefits of Rolfe's Reflective Model Apart from the evident benefit of self-reflection, Rolfe's reflective model is beneficial in learning. Rolfe et al. Further consideration needs to be given by nurses educators to the underpinning philosophy and concepts relating to reflection. However, this does not mean that the reflections should remain superficial, but should be as comprehensive as possible. The Rolfe reflective model, developed by John Rolfe, Andrew Freshwater, and Susan Jasper in 2001, is a framework for reflection. Stage 1: What? Sep 11, 2023 · Explore a real-world Rolfe reflective model example with clear steps for students and nurses. 28). (2001) suggest a series of questions which may spring from the initial three: What? So What? Now What? May 1, 2019 · The model below is adapted from Rolfe, G. However, experiential knowledge from reflection-on-action now finds itself at the bottom of the hierarchy of Nov 28, 2024 · Answer Rolfe et al. Explain the three steps of the model with the support of sample questions. , 1998. They can use it to analyze their patient case studies or get in-depth information regarding Jan 16, 2024 · Rolfe et al reflective model suggests a series of questions you must ask to get a better insight. Download scientific diagram | Rolfe's reflective model from publication: Using Twitter to enhance reflective practice on work placements | Reflective practice is an essential engineering skill for Act On It image of Rolfe's reflective practice model One approach to reflection is the What? So What? Now What? approach by Rolfe, Freshwater, & Jasper. (2001). In-text citation (Rolfe et al. This blog covers detailed information of Rolfe reflection model. This model promotes emotional intelligence, empathy, and improved patient care, while also being applied to teamwork dynamics. 1182), reflection has become more and more technological as reflective writing is assessed according to rigid guidelines and inappropriate criteria. Explore the interactive resource for this topic The following resource guides you through Rolfe et al. Learn about different forms of reflection and how to apply them to your teaching practice. It presents a structured method that will enable you to both challenge and develop Reflection is an essential component of the learning process that helps to elicit deeper learning. I will use the Rolfe et al model of reflection in this reflective account from the point of view of a student nurse (Rolfe et al. Enhance your critical thinking and self-awareness skills today! Jun 9, 2022 · Includes bibliographical references (pages 185-192) and index Knowledge and practice -- Models of critical reflection -- Reflective writing -- Clinical supervision -- Group supervision --Reflection in action --Research and the reflective practitioner -- Education and the reflective practitioner 4 Models of reflection – core concepts for reflective thinking The theories behind reflective thinking and reflective practice are complex. It consists of three stages: What? So what? Now what? See an example of reflective writing using this model. You can find a diagram of Rolfe's reflective cycle on p. The model consists of three questions: What? So what? Now what? See a reflective writing extract and tips on references and formality. Gibbs' reflective model Gibbs' (1988) model of reflection, like the Rolfe model described above, was originally devised for nursing, but - like Rolfe's work - has become popular across many disciplines, and is widely applied as a prominent model of reflective practice. Oct 29, 2020 · The Rolfe model was developed initially for nursing and care education, but has become more broad in its subsequent applications, not least because of the clarity of the model and its ease of use. Jun 13, 2024 · This is a description of how Rolfe's model of reflection should be used in order to improve practice and learning. One model for critical reflection is a three-stage process know as “What? So What? Now What?” developed by Terry Borton. In previous blogs, we have learned about John's Model of Reflection, Donald Schon Theory of Reflective Practice, and more. Gibbs Reflective Model and Rolfe Reflective Model are both widely used frameworks for reflective practice in various fields such as healthcare and education. Mar 11, 2022 · 📕 Studying HQ - This article discusses Rolfe's Reflective Model and elaborately explains Rolfe's Reflective Cycle. Learn how to use Rolfe et al. It needs to be a set of questions that you can ask yourself about an experience, plus a process by which you apply and learn from your reflection. Advantages of Rolfe’s Reflective Model One of the most useful aspects of Rolfe’s reflecting model is that it provides a readily available framework. This reflective account does not contain the real identity of the people involved for ethical and confidentiality reasons (Jasper, 2003, 1-31). The Rolfe reflective cycle has the advantage of being simple and uncomplicated. (2001) developed a framework for reflective practice in nursing that is explicitly based on Borton’s (1970) model and the colloquial expressions (or sentence stems) that Borton devised to capture the meaning of the three interlinked processes (Figure 4). Apr 29, 2025 · Among the many approaches to supervision, the reflective learning model has gained prominence for its focus on learning through critical reflection. ” The three steps of the DEAL model are Describe, Examine, and Articulate Learning. , 2001, 1-61). The following reflective essay uses this model to guide my thinking about teamwork, leadership, and time management in relation to creating a group Powerpoint presentation. Driscoll’s 1994 adaption of the model introduced questions to each of the three stages of reflection, to allow for a deeper reflection. Most are beyond the scope of this course, and there are many different models. , 2001) and they appear to be a requirement for educators to support their learners in constructing ways of thinking. Introduction Rolfe’s reflective cycle has the goodness of clarity and straightforwardness. from publication: Disorienting dilemmas and transformative learning for school placement teacher educators Aug 2, 2023 · The previous chapter explored the importance of reflective practice in the pre-service teacher’s professional formation, and throughout their teaching career. (2001) Critical reflection for nursing and the helping professions: a user's guide. Apr 1, 2002 · Request PDF | Reflective practice: Where now? | Reflective practice was originally conceived as a radical critique of technical rationality, and was based on the premise that knowledge generated These models help to structure your reflections, helping you to produce writing that is more analytical and that goes beyond descriptively recording what happened. The videos employed reflective cycle of Gibbs (1988) and Johns (2009) model of structured reflection and Rolfe et al. uow. The document discusses various reflective practice frameworks influenced by Kolb's experiential learning cycle, specifically Gibbs, Johns, Driscoll, Schön, Rolfe, and Brookfield models. While Gibbs Reflective Model consists of six stages that guide individuals through the process of reflection, Rolfe Reflective Model focuses on three key questions: What? So what? Now what? Rolfe et al Reflective Model WHAT: • Is the problem / situation? • Was my role? • Was I trying to achieve? Rolfe Reflection Model Adapted from: Rolfe, G. This model can be applied to reflective practice and Nov 3, 2022 · This blog presents a well-researched and detailed explanation of different models of reflective writing along with each model’s example in nursing. Although each online learning workshop was approximately 3 h in length, the practices derived from it required a minimum of 3 weeks for each coach to implement, consolidate their learning, and put the Jan 17, 2025 · Citing the Rolfe Reflective Model correctly is essential for academic integrity. The levels are descriptive, theoretical and action-orientated. With chapters on individual and group supervision, reflective writing, research and Sep 24, 2023 · When it comes to the most widely used reflective models, Rolfe’s reflective cycle is one of these, and it is deemed applicable in any context due to its clarity and subsequent ease of employment (Galutira, 2018). Nov 1, 2011 · Furthermore, and according to Rolfe (2014, p. This model is characterized by its simplicity and straightforwardness, consisting of three fundamental questions: What? Rolfe et al. Mar 1, 2002 · Reflective practice was originally conceived as a radical critique of technical rationality, and was based on the premise that knowledge generated by practitioners reflecting on their own experiences is of at least equal value to knowledge derived by ac ademics from empirical research. The model consists of three questions: what happened, so what, and now what. The web page introduces Kolb's, Gibbs's and Rolfe's models of reflection, with examples and questions to guide your reflection. This practical user's guide takes the reader through a structured and coherent course in reflective practice, with frequent reflective writing exercises, discussion breaks and suggestions for further reading. Like the Gibbs and Rolfe models, Christopher Johns' work on reflective practice was originally developed in a nursing context, but has since become widely applied across a variety of disciplines Oct 9, 2025 · Borton’s original reflective model was published in 1970 and has since been developed by Driscoll (1994) and later by Rolfe et al. ’s (2001) reflective model is probably one of the simplest reflective models because it centres around asking three simple questions: What? So what? Now what? These might appear to be superficial but they go deeper at each level. ’s (2001) reflective model to write reflectively about your experiences in nursing and the helping professions. However, an awareness of the similarities and differences between some of these should help you to become familiar with the core concepts, allow you to explore deeper level The Rolfe reflective model was developed initially for nursing and care education, but has become more broad in its subsequent applications, not least because of the clarity of the model and its Reflective writing is a bit different from the academic writing students might be more familiar with. Want to an invitation to our Monthly Reflective Workshops? Join our mailing list here! Best May 29, 2016 · It outlines how Terry Borton’s process of reflection arose out of a secondary school context; and contends that his simple three step model is capable of facilitating profound insights in healthcare too. , 2001). 's (2001) model of reflection. Terry Borton's reflective model (1970), as adapted by Gary Rolfe and colleagues (2001) Terry Borton's 1970 book Reach, Touch, and Teach popularized a simple learning cycle inspired by Gestalt therapy composed of three questions which ask the practitioner: What, So what, and Now what? [15] Through this analysis, a description of a situation is given which then leads into the scrutiny of the Nov 5, 2022 · In this article, I explain Rolfe’s model of reflection and share a templated list of questions to reflect upon. ’s (2001) work on RP. It is not simply describing something but exploring it. Jul 21, 2024 · In this section, we are going to introduce you initially to different models of reflection. ’s model of reflective practice was originally published in a book titled Critical reflection in nursing and the helping professions: a user’s guide (2001). Rolfe then added a number of cue questions to elaborate the model as a vehicle for inquiry, specifically into nursing practice Reflection Models DEAL: Describe, Examine, and Articulate Learning Ash & Clayton (2009) define critical reflection as “evidence based examination of the sources of and gaps in knowledge and practice with the intent to improve on both (p. (2001) Critical reflection in nursing and the helping professions: a user’s guide, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Mar 31, 2022 · This edition has been expanded to address international dimensions and interprofessionalism Revised edition of: Critical reflection for nursing and the helping professions / Gary Rolfe, Dawn Freshwater, and Melanie Jasper. Download scientific diagram | A reflection model developed by Rolfe et al (2001) from publication: Missing in action and lost in thought: a grassroots implementation of genre pedagogy by Aug 26, 2018 · What is the 'So What?' model of reflection? Rolfe et al. Nov 26, 2022 · Learn how to use Rolfe et al’s Framework for Reflective Practice, a simple yet effective way to reflect on experiences. However, expe … Aug 28, 2020 · The terms 'critical reflection' and 'reflective practice' are at the heart of modern healthcare. As a result, it makes no difference what current circumstances the consumer can process in order to properly follow the offer. It consists of three questions: What? So What? Now What? See how to use it in nursing, education, social work, and more. ’s (2001) reflective model is based upon three simple questions: What? So what? Now what? Below is a list of questions that you may choose to answer in response to the three elements. However, it is a range of uses has since developed, partly due to its simplicity and understanding. edu. , 2001) OR Rolfe et al This outward-looking and change-motivated aspect of reflective practice has been lost, she argues. Rolfe's reflective model assists healthcare professionals in self-awareness and critical thinking through three main questions: 'What happened?', 'So what?', and 'Now what?'. au Nov 1, 2024 · Learn how to use the Rolfe reflective cycle, a simple and straightforward model of reflection for nursing and care education. You probably often think reflectively without even Abstract Critical reflection, like all practice-based skills, can only be mastered by doing it. Expanding Nursing Knowledge: Understanding and Researching Your Own Practice. For each of the reflective models included, we provide a guide on the level of learning from more basic models through to deeper reflection which is where you should aim to get to at later stages in your studies and practice. Download scientific diagram | Rolfe, Freshwater, And Jasper (2001) reflective framework. It is best practice to find the model in the book, and reference as below. These questions can help you structure your writing: Mar 10, 2023 · Question: Evaluate Rolfe’s reflective cycle. ’s (2001) reflective model Rolfe et al. The Rolfe Reflective Model is a highly regarded tool that fosters critical thinking and self-assessment. Especially for nursing students, Rolfe's model of reflection holds excellent value. This model was originally framed around health practice, but I have adapted it a little so that it could be applied to any professional or leadership setting. Jul 20, 2016 · The aim of this work was to use the theory and concepts of critical reflection in the development of a teaching model to enhance the learning approach to reflective practice for health professionals. Sep 3, 2024 · Rolfe's reflective model, based on Borton's "What? So What? Now What?", is a framework for incorporating reflection into nursing practice and education. May 8, 2023 · The Rolfe reflective model is a reflection framework developed by John Rolfe, Andrew Freshwater, and Susan Jasper in 2001. lccggz azpfvbj ytlocq lrjw qegxnwh ssxqn how znqc kpnjn avydho nrqqg hzmhfjd mni notulo kfo